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Parathyroid Hormone and Bone Integrity during Aging

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is a crucial hormone involved in maintaining bone integrity, especially during the aging process. It plays a significant role in regulating calcium and phosphate levels in the body, which are essential for bone health.

Definition of Parathyroid Hormone

Parathyroid hormone, also known as parathormone, is a hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands, which are small glands located near the thyroid gland in the neck. PTH acts on the bones, kidneys, and intestines to regulate calcium and phosphate levels in the body.

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Importance of Parathyroid Hormone in Maintaining Bone Integrity during Aging

As individuals age, bone remodeling becomes imbalanced, leading to a gradual loss of bone mass and increased risk of fractures. Parathyroid hormone plays a crucial role in maintaining bone integrity during this aging process through several mechanisms:

Stimulation of Bone Resorption: PTH stimulates the activity of osteoclasts, which are cells responsible for breaking down old bone tissue. This process, known as bone resorption, helps to remove damaged or weakened bone and allows for the formation of new bone.

Enhancement of Calcium Absorption: PTH increases the absorption of calcium from the intestines, ensuring an adequate supply of calcium for bone remodeling and maintenance.

Renal Calcium Reabsorption: PTH promotes the reabsorption of calcium in the kidneys, preventing excessive loss of calcium through urine. This helps to maintain calcium levels in the body and supports bone health.

Stimulation of Vitamin D Activation: PTH stimulates the activation of vitamin D in the kidneys. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption from the intestines and plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health.

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Overall, parathyroid hormone plays a vital role in maintaining bone integrity during aging by regulating calcium and phosphate levels, stimulating bone remodeling, and ensuring an adequate supply of calcium for bone formation and repair.

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