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Definition: When do cells undergo changes in DNA methylation patterns due to hormone signaling?

Hormones play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and cellular function. They can bind to specific receptors on the cell surface or within the cell, triggering a cascade of signaling events that ultimately lead to changes in gene expression. One of the ways hormones exert their effects is by modulating DNA methylation patterns.

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DNA methylation is a chemical modification of DNA that involves the addition of a methyl group to the DNA molecule. This modification can alter the accessibility of genes to the transcriptional machinery, thereby influencing gene expression. Hormones can directly or indirectly affect the enzymes responsible for DNA methylation, leading to changes in DNA methylation patterns.

The timing of DNA methylation changes due to hormone signaling varies depending on the specific hormone and cellular context. In some cases, hormone-induced changes in DNA methylation can occur during embryonic development, when cells are undergoing differentiation and establishing their identity. For example, during sexual development, hormones such as estrogen and testosterone can induce DNA methylation changes that contribute to the development of male or female reproductive organs.

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In other cases, hormone-induced changes in DNA methylation can occur in response to environmental cues or physiological changes. For instance, stress hormones like cortisol can alter DNA methylation patterns in brain cells, affecting gene expression and potentially contributing to stress-related disorders.

Overall, the timing of cells undergoing changes in DNA methylation patterns due to hormone signaling is a complex and dynamic process that is tightly regulated and varies depending on the specific hormone and cellular context.

Keywords: methylation, changes, hormone, patterns, signaling, hormones, during, development, expression