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What is Pyelonephritis?

Pyelonephritis is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by inflammation of the kidneys. It is usually caused by a bacterial infection that starts in the lower urinary tract and ascends to the kidneys. This condition primarily affects the renal pelvis, which is the part of the kidney where urine collects before it is transported to the bladder.

Symptoms of Pyelonephritis

The symptoms of pyelonephritis can vary in severity and may include:

• Fever and chills
• Flank pain or lower back pain
• Frequent urination
• Burning sensation during urination
• Cloudy or bloody urine
• Nausea and vomiting
• Generalized fatigue and weakness

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Causes of Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is commonly caused by a bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli (E. coli) being the most common culprit. The bacteria usually enter the urinary tract through the urethra and multiply in the bladder. From there, they can ascend to the kidneys, leading to the development of pyelonephritis. Other factors that can increase the risk of developing this condition include:

• Urinary tract abnormalities
• Kidney stones
• Enlarged prostate in men
• Pregnancy
• Suppressed immune system
• Use of urinary catheters

Treatment of Pyelonephritis

Pyelonephritis is typically treated with antibiotics to eliminate the bacterial infection. The choice of antibiotics depends on the severity of the infection and the specific bacteria involved. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required for intravenous administration of antibiotics and close monitoring of kidney function.

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In addition to antibiotics, other supportive measures may be recommended to manage the symptoms and promote recovery. These may include adequate hydration, pain relievers, and rest. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics as prescribed by the healthcare provider to ensure complete eradication of the infection and prevent recurrence.

If left untreated or if treatment is delayed, pyelonephritis can lead to complications such as kidney abscesses, sepsis (a life-threatening infection), and permanent kidney damage. Therefore, seeking prompt medical attention is crucial if you suspect you may have pyelonephritis.

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Keywords: pyelonephritis, infection, kidney, antibiotics, urinary, condition, kidneys, bacterial, symptoms