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Definition: What is neuroinflammation?
Neuroinflammation refers to the inflammation that occurs in the central nervous system (CNS), which includes the brain and spinal cord. It is a complex process involving the activation of immune cells and the release of various inflammatory molecules in response to injury, infection, or chronic diseases affecting the CNS.During neuroinflammation, immune cells such as microglia and astrocytes become activated and release pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and other immune mediators. These molecules can cause damage to neurons and disrupt normal brain function.
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Neuroinflammation can be both beneficial and detrimental. In acute situations, it helps to clear pathogens, repair tissue damage, and promote healing. However, chronic or excessive neuroinflammation can lead to neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis, and stroke.
Understanding the mechanisms and regulation of neuroinflammation is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies to mitigate its harmful effects and promote brain health. Researchers are actively studying the role of neuroinflammation in various neurological disorders and exploring potential interventions to modulate the inflammatory response in the CNS.
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Keywords: neuroinflammation, immune, inflammatory, release, various, molecules, response, chronic, diseases
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