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Definition: What is electroencephalography (EEG) and how does it measure brain electrical activity?

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique used to measure and record the electrical activity of the brain. It involves placing electrodes on the scalp to detect and amplify the electrical signals generated by the brain’s neurons.

How does EEG measure brain electrical activity?

EEG works by detecting the electrical potentials generated by the brain’s neurons. When neurons communicate with each other, they produce small electrical currents. These electrical currents can be measured by placing electrodes on the scalp.

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The electrodes used in EEG are typically made of metal and are attached to the scalp using a conductive gel or paste. The electrodes pick up the electrical signals generated by the brain and transmit them to an amplifier, which amplifies the signals for further analysis.

The amplified signals are then digitized and recorded, allowing researchers and clinicians to analyze the brain’s electrical activity. The recorded EEG data can be visualized as a series of waveforms, known as an EEG trace or EEG recording.

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EEG is commonly used in clinical settings to diagnose and monitor various neurological conditions, such as epilepsy, sleep disorders, and brain injuries. It can also be used in research to study brain function and activity during different tasks or states, such as sleep or meditation.

Overall, EEG provides valuable insights into the electrical activity of the brain and is a widely used tool in neuroscience and clinical practice.

Keywords: electrical, activity, electrodes, signals, measure, generated, neurons, electroencephalography, placing