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Surgical Options for Severe or Complicated Peptic Ulcers

Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the lining of the stomach, upper small intestine, or esophagus. While most peptic ulcers can be treated with medications and lifestyle changes, severe or complicated cases may require surgical intervention.

1. Gastrectomy

Gastrectomy is a surgical procedure that involves the partial or complete removal of the stomach. It is typically performed when the peptic ulcer is large, deep, or located in a difficult-to-reach area. During the procedure, the surgeon removes the affected portion of the stomach and reconnects the remaining healthy parts. This surgery may be performed using open surgery or minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy.

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2. Vagotomy

Vagotomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or removing certain branches of the vagus nerve. The vagus nerve plays a role in stimulating acid production in the stomach. By interrupting the nerve signals, vagotomy reduces the production of stomach acid, which can help heal peptic ulcers. This procedure is often performed in combination with other surgeries, such as gastrectomy or pyloroplasty.

3. Pyloroplasty

Pyloroplasty is a surgical procedure that involves widening the opening between the stomach and the small intestine, known as the pylorus. This procedure is commonly performed in cases where the peptic ulcer is causing obstruction or narrowing of the pylorus. By enlarging the pylorus, pyloroplasty allows for better passage of food and reduces the risk of complications such as gastric outlet obstruction.

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4. Perforated Ulcer Repair

If a peptic ulcer perforates or creates a hole in the stomach or intestines, immediate surgical intervention is necessary. Perforated ulcer repair involves closing the hole and repairing any damage to the surrounding tissues. This procedure is typically performed using open surgery, and in some cases, a segment of the intestine may need to be removed if the damage is extensive.

5. Hemostasis Procedures

In cases where peptic ulcers cause severe bleeding, hemostasis procedures may be performed to stop the bleeding and prevent further complications. These procedures can include endoscopic techniques such as thermal coagulation, injection therapy, or application of hemostatic clips. In more severe cases, surgical intervention may be required to control the bleeding and remove the ulcer.

In conclusion, severe or complicated peptic ulcers may require surgical treatment options such as gastrectomy, vagotomy, pyloroplasty, perforated ulcer repair, or hemostasis procedures. These surgical interventions aim to alleviate symptoms, promote healing, and prevent complications associated with peptic ulcers.

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Keywords: peptic, surgical, ulcers, stomach, procedure, performed, severe, pyloroplasty, gastrectomy