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Strategies for Thermal Energy Storage Integration in Buildings

Thermal energy storage (TES) integration in buildings refers to the utilization of various techniques and technologies to store and manage thermal energy within a building system. These strategies aim to optimize energy consumption, enhance building performance, and contribute to sustainable development goals. Here are some of the different strategies for thermal energy storage integration in buildings:

1. Sensible Heat Storage

Sensible heat storage involves storing thermal energy by changing the temperature of a storage medium, such as water or rocks. This strategy utilizes the principle of storing excess heat during periods of low demand and releasing it during peak demand, thereby reducing the need for continuous energy supply.

2. Latent Heat Storage

Latent heat storage involves storing thermal energy by utilizing the phase change of a material, such as a phase change material (PCM). PCM absorbs and releases large amounts of energy during the phase transition, such as solid to liquid or liquid to gas, enabling efficient energy storage and release.

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3. Thermochemical Storage

Thermochemical storage involves storing thermal energy through chemical reactions. This strategy utilizes reversible reactions that can absorb and release heat energy. Thermochemical storage systems often employ solid-state materials that can store and release energy efficiently.

4. Ice Storage

Ice storage, also known as cool thermal storage, involves using ice as a thermal energy storage medium. During off-peak hours, excess electricity is used to freeze water, creating ice. This ice is then used during peak hours to cool the building, reducing the load on the cooling system and overall energy consumption.

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5. Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage

Aquifer thermal energy storage (ATES) involves utilizing underground aquifers as thermal energy storage reservoirs. Excess heat or cold is stored in the aquifer during off-peak periods and extracted when needed. ATES systems can provide heating or cooling to buildings, depending on the season.

6. Seasonal Thermal Energy Storage

Seasonal thermal energy storage involves storing thermal energy over longer periods, typically from one season to another. This strategy is commonly used in district heating and cooling systems, where excess heat or cold is stored during the summer for use in the winter, or vice versa.

By implementing these strategies, buildings can effectively manage and optimize thermal energy consumption, reduce peak demand, and contribute to overall energy efficiency and sustainability.

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