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Methods of Dividing Perennials

Definition: Dividing perennials refers to the process of separating mature plants into smaller sections, each with its own roots and foliage. This technique is commonly used to propagate perennials, rejuvenate overcrowded plants, and maintain their health and vigor.

1. Division by Hand

Division by hand is the most straightforward method and is suitable for plants with fibrous or clumping root systems. Here’s how to do it:

Start by digging up the entire perennial plant, being careful not to damage the roots.

Using your hands or a sharp knife, gently separate the plant into smaller sections, ensuring that each division has a sufficient number of healthy roots and shoots.

Replant the divisions in their desired locations, making sure to provide adequate spacing and soil preparation.

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This method is commonly used for perennials such as daylilies, hostas, and ornamental grasses.

2. Division by Crown

Division by crown is suitable for perennials that have a central crown from which new shoots emerge. This method is commonly used for plants like peonies and irises. Here’s how to do it:

Start by carefully digging up the perennial, making sure to expose the crown.

Using a sharp knife or garden shears, divide the crown into sections, ensuring that each division has at least one healthy bud or shoot.

Replant the divisions at the appropriate depth, making sure to provide adequate spacing and soil preparation.

Division by crown is an effective way to rejuvenate older perennials and promote better flowering.

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3. Division by Rhizomes or Tubers

Some perennials, such as bearded irises and dahlias, grow from rhizomes or tubers. Dividing these plants is slightly different:

Start by carefully digging up the plant, exposing the rhizomes or tubers.

Using a sharp knife or garden shears, cut the rhizomes or tubers into sections, ensuring that each division has at least one healthy bud or eye.

Allow the cut surfaces to dry and callus for a day or two before replanting.

Replant the divisions at the appropriate depth, making sure to provide adequate spacing and soil preparation.

Division by rhizomes or tubers is an effective way to propagate these perennials and maintain their health and vigor.

Conclusion

Dividing perennials is an essential gardening technique that helps maintain the health and vitality of these plants. Whether you choose to divide by hand, crown, or rhizomes/tubers, the goal is to create new, self-sustaining sections that will continue to thrive and beautify your garden for years to come.

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