Characteristics of Red-Berried Elder Plants

Family: Adoxaceae

Common Names: Red elderberry, red-berried elder

Description:

Red-berried elder plants, scientifically known as Sambucus racemosa, are deciduous shrubs native to North America and Europe. These plants are characterized by their vibrant clusters of red berries, which are highly attractive to birds and other wildlife.

Size and Growth:

Red-berried elder plants typically reach a height of 6 to 12 feet (1.8 to 3.7 meters) and have a spreading, multi-stemmed growth habit. The branches are covered with pinnately compound leaves, consisting of 5 to 9 leaflets. The foliage is dark green in color and turns yellow in the fall.

Flowers:

In late spring or early summer, red-berried elder plants produce showy clusters of small, creamy-white flowers. These flowers are arranged in flat-topped corymbs and have a pleasant fragrance. They attract pollinators such as bees and butterflies.

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Berries:

The most distinctive feature of red-berried elder plants is their bright red berries, which ripen in late summer or early fall. These berries are small, round, and glossy, measuring approximately 1/4 inch (6 mm) in diameter. They are a valuable food source for birds and are also used in the production of jams, jellies, and wines by humans.

Habitat and Growing Conditions:

Red-berried elder plants are commonly found in moist, open woodlands, along stream banks, and in disturbed areas. They prefer well-drained soils and can tolerate a wide range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. These plants thrive in full sun to partial shade.

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Uses:

Red-berried elder plants have both ornamental and ecological value. They are often cultivated in gardens for their attractive berries and flowers. Additionally, they provide important habitat and food sources for wildlife. The berries can be harvested for culinary purposes, and the flowers can be used to make elderflower syrup or tea.

Caution:

It is important to note that while the berries of red-berried elder plants are edible when fully ripe, all other parts of the plant, including the leaves, stems, and unripe berries, are toxic if ingested. Proper identification and caution should be exercised before consuming any part of the plant.

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Keywords: plants, berried, berries, flowers, sambucus, racemosa, clusters, attractive, wildlife