How to Grow Hazelnut Trees

Definition: Hazelnut trees, also known as Corylus avellana, are deciduous shrubs that produce edible nuts. They are commonly grown for their delicious nuts and ornamental value.

Site Selection

Soil: Hazelnut trees thrive in well-drained soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. They prefer loamy or sandy soils but can tolerate clay soils with proper drainage.

Sunlight: Select a site that receives full sun exposure for at least six hours a day. Hazelnut trees require ample sunlight to produce a bountiful harvest.

Planting Hazelnut Trees

Spacing: Space hazelnut trees approximately 15 to 20 feet apart to allow for proper air circulation and sunlight penetration.

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Planting Process:

Prepare the planting hole by digging a hole twice as wide and deep as the root ball.

Place the tree in the hole, ensuring that the bud union is slightly above the soil level.

Backfill the hole with soil, gently firming it around the roots to eliminate air pockets.

Water the tree thoroughly to settle the soil.

Care and Maintenance

Watering: Hazelnut trees require regular watering, especially during dry periods. Provide deep, infrequent waterings to encourage deep root growth.

Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer in early spring before new growth begins. Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for proper application rates.

Pruning: Prune hazelnut trees during late winter or early spring to remove dead, damaged, or diseased branches. Additionally, thin out crowded branches to improve air circulation and light penetration.

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Pest and Disease Control

Common Pests: Hazelnut trees are susceptible to pests such as aphids, mites, and filbert weevils. Monitor the trees regularly and apply appropriate insecticides if necessary.

Common Diseases: Hazelnut trees can be affected by diseases like Eastern filbert blight and bacterial blight. Proper sanitation, regular pruning, and the use of disease-resistant cultivars can help prevent and manage these diseases.

Harvesting: Hazelnuts are typically ready for harvest in late summer or early fall. The nuts should be allowed to fully ripen on the tree before harvesting. Collect the nuts by hand or by shaking the branches gently.

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Conclusion: Growing hazelnut trees can be a rewarding experience, providing you with a bountiful harvest of delicious nuts. By selecting the right site, properly planting and caring for the trees, and managing pests and diseases, you can enjoy the beauty and bounty of hazelnut trees in your own garden or orchard.

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