How to Grow Crimson Clover

Definition: Crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum) is a cool-season annual legume that is widely grown as a cover crop or forage crop. It is known for its vibrant red flowers and ability to fix nitrogen in the soil, making it a valuable addition to agricultural systems.

1. Site Selection

Choose a well-drained site with full sun to partial shade for growing crimson clover. The soil should be fertile, loamy, and have a pH between 6.0 and 7.0.

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2. Soil Preparation

Prepare the soil by removing any weeds or debris. Loosen the soil to a depth of 4 to 6 inches using a garden fork or tiller. Incorporate organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve soil fertility and structure.

3. Seed Selection and Planting

Select high-quality crimson clover seeds from a reputable supplier. The recommended seeding rate is typically around 15 to 20 pounds per acre. Broadcast the seeds evenly over the prepared soil and lightly rake them in, ensuring good seed-to-soil contact.

4. Fertilization

Crimson clover is a nitrogen-fixing plant, meaning it can convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that is usable by plants. Therefore, it generally does not require additional nitrogen fertilization. However, a soil test can help determine if any other nutrients are deficient and require supplementation.

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5. Watering

Keep the soil consistently moist during the germination and establishment phase, which typically lasts around 2 to 3 weeks. Once the plants are established, they are relatively drought-tolerant and may not require frequent watering unless experiencing prolonged dry periods.

6. Weed Control

While crimson clover competes well with weeds once established, it is important to control weeds during the early stages of growth. Hand-pulling or shallow cultivation can help manage weed pressure without damaging the clover plants.

7. Harvesting

If growing crimson clover for forage, it can be harvested when it reaches the desired growth stage, usually before flowering. For cover cropping purposes, the clover can be terminated by mowing or tilling it into the soil before it sets seed.

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By following these steps, you can successfully grow crimson clover and benefit from its nitrogen-fixing properties and soil-improving qualities.

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