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Definition: How does RNA interference affect protein homeostasis and aging?
RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process that regulates gene expression by silencing specific genes through the degradation of their messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This process plays a crucial role in maintaining protein homeostasis, which refers to the balance between protein synthesis and degradation within a cell or organism.RNAi and Protein Homeostasis
RNAi acts as a surveillance system that helps cells maintain protein homeostasis by preventing the accumulation of misfolded or damaged proteins. When proteins are misfolded or damaged, they can form aggregates that are toxic to cells and contribute to various age-related diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders.See also What are the potential applications of IGFs in regenerative medicine?
Through RNAi, cells can specifically target and degrade the mRNA molecules that encode these misfolded or damaged proteins. This prevents the synthesis of new proteins and reduces the burden of toxic aggregates within the cell. By maintaining protein homeostasis, RNAi helps to ensure proper cellular function and overall organismal health.
RNAi and Aging
Aging is a complex biological process characterized by the progressive decline in cellular and organismal functions. Accumulation of damaged proteins is one of the hallmarks of aging, and disruptions in protein homeostasis contribute to the aging process.RNAi has been found to play a significant role in regulating protein homeostasis during aging. Studies have shown that the activity of RNAi declines with age, leading to impaired clearance of damaged proteins and increased protein aggregation. This decline in RNAi activity contributes to the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates and the onset of age-related diseases.
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Furthermore, experimental studies have demonstrated that enhancing RNAi activity can extend lifespan and improve healthspan in various model organisms, including worms, flies, and mice. By restoring protein homeostasis, RNAi interventions can delay the aging process and promote healthy aging.
In summary, RNA interference is a crucial mechanism that regulates protein homeostasis by targeting and degrading mRNA molecules encoding misfolded or damaged proteins. Disruptions in RNAi activity contribute to protein aggregation and the aging process. Enhancing RNAi activity has the potential to extend lifespan and improve healthspan by maintaining protein homeostasis and preventing the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates.
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Keywords: protein, homeostasis, proteins, process, damaged, activity, accumulation, misfolded, aggregates










