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Sub-Irrigation System in Vertical Gardens

Definition: A sub-irrigation system, also known as a self-watering system, is a method used in vertical gardens to provide water to plants from below the surface. This system utilizes a reservoir of water located at the base of the garden, which is then distributed to the plants through a series of capillary action or wicking mechanisms.

How Does a Sub-Irrigation System Work?

Sub-irrigation systems in vertical gardens work on the principle of water absorption through capillary action. The system consists of several layers, each serving a specific purpose:

Reservoir: The reservoir is the bottommost layer of the vertical garden system. It holds the water that will be used to irrigate the plants. The reservoir is typically made of a waterproof material to prevent leakage.

Water Delivery System: Above the reservoir, there is a layer that acts as a conduit for water distribution. This layer is usually made of a porous material, such as fabric or geotextile, which allows water to pass through but retains the soil and plant roots.

Capillary Mat: The capillary mat is placed on top of the water delivery system. It is made of a highly absorbent material, such as felt or wicking fabric, which draws water from the reservoir and distributes it evenly to the plants through capillary action.

Planting Medium: Above the capillary mat, there is a layer of planting medium, such as soil or a soilless mix, where the plants are grown. The planting medium absorbs water from the capillary mat and provides a suitable environment for the roots to grow.

Plants: The topmost layer of the sub-irrigation system is where the plants are placed. The roots of the plants extend into the planting medium and absorb water and nutrients as needed.

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When the sub-irrigation system is set up, water is added to the reservoir, which then saturates the capillary mat. As the plants consume water from the planting medium, the capillary action draws water from the mat, ensuring a constant supply of moisture to the roots. This method of irrigation is efficient and reduces water wastage, as it only provides water to the plants when needed.

Sub-irrigation systems in vertical gardens are particularly beneficial in urban environments where space is limited. They allow for efficient water usage, minimize the risk of overwatering or underwatering, and provide a self-sustaining watering solution for plants in vertical arrangements.

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Keywords: system, plants, capillary, irrigation, reservoir, vertical, planting, medium, gardens