Identifying a Mature Osage Orange Tree

Definition: A mature Osage orange tree, scientifically known as Maclura pomifera, is a deciduous tree native to North America. It is commonly recognized for its distinctive characteristics, including its size, bark, leaves, and fruit.

Size

When fully mature, an Osage orange tree can reach a height of 40 to 60 feet, with a spread of 30 to 40 feet. Its trunk can have a diameter of up to 3 feet, making it a substantial tree in the landscape.

Bark

The bark of a mature Osage orange tree is thick, rough, and deeply furrowed. It has a dark brown to grayish-black color, providing a rugged appearance to the tree’s trunk and branches.

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Leaves

The leaves of a mature Osage orange tree are simple, alternate, and glossy. They are typically 3 to 5 inches long and 1 to 2 inches wide. The shape of the leaves is ovate to elliptical, with a pointed tip and a rounded or slightly heart-shaped base. The leaf margins are smooth, and the upper surface is dark green, while the lower surface is paler in color.

Fruit

The fruit of a mature Osage orange tree is a unique feature that sets it apart from other trees. Known as “hedge apples” or “horse apples,” these fruits are large, green, and bumpy. They are approximately 4 to 6 inches in diameter and have a rough, wrinkled texture. Despite their name, Osage orange fruits are not edible for humans but are often used for decorative purposes.

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Note: It is important to exercise caution when handling Osage orange fruits, as they can emit a milky sap that may cause skin irritation.

By observing these distinctive characteristics, one can easily identify a mature Osage orange tree in an agricultural or natural setting.

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