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Definition: Why are senolytic drugs used to target senescent cells with DNA damage?

Senolytic drugs are a class of therapeutic compounds that are specifically designed to target and eliminate senescent cells in the body. Senescent cells are cells that have entered a state of irreversible growth arrest due to various stressors, such as DNA damage or telomere shortening. These cells accumulate with age and contribute to the aging process and the development of age-related diseases.

Senescent cells can have detrimental effects on surrounding tissues and organs by secreting a range of pro-inflammatory molecules and other factors, collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The SASP can promote chronic inflammation, disrupt tissue homeostasis, and impair the function of neighboring cells.

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One of the key features of senescent cells is the presence of persistent DNA damage, which can contribute to their senescence phenotype. Senolytic drugs are designed to selectively induce apoptosis (cell death) in senescent cells while sparing healthy cells. These drugs target specific pathways or molecules that are upregulated or activated in senescent cells, leading to their elimination.

By targeting senescent cells with DNA damage, senolytic drugs aim to remove these dysfunctional cells from the body, thereby reducing the burden of chronic inflammation and improving tissue function. This approach holds promise for treating age-related diseases and potentially extending healthy lifespan.

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It is important to note that senolytic drugs are still in the early stages of development and research. Further studies are needed to fully understand their efficacy, safety, and potential side effects before they can be widely used in clinical settings.

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